Rhetorical Analysis of “The Dangerous Myth of Grade...

Ronnie Reed Dr. Dixon EH 132 16 October 2014 Rhetorical Analysis of â€Å"The Dangerous Myth of Grade Inflation† There is proof in the pudding. This clichà © has been used an immeasurable amount of times to express that evidence to the claim leads to its legitimacy. It has been speculated for many years that grades are being inflated, and students are receiving A’s for mediocre work. In fact, the introduction of Alfie Kohn’s â€Å"The Dangerous Myth of Grade Inflation† shows reports of the matter made by Harvard Professor Harvey Mansfield and Harvard’s Committee on Raising the Standard, respectively, with a gap of over a century (pg. 1). Kohn expresses his take on the matter of grade inflation and asserts that these accusations are false and†¦show more content†¦6). This is the point in Kohn’s work where he assumes the connection of grade inflation being a myth has been established to his audience and begins to focus on the logical aspect of what is wrong with grading as a whole. Using a logical approach, Kohn suggests to his audience that students a re nowShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis Of The Dangerous Myth Of Grade Inflation 1823 Words   |  8 PagesRhetorical Analysis on â€Å"The Dangerous Myth of Grade Inflation† by Alfie Kohn Alfie Kohn’s lengthy essay â€Å"The Dangerous Myth of Grade Inflation,† published on The Chronicle of Higher Education in 2002, is a response in a continued discourse regarding grade inflation. The author of 13 books, Kohn has become a controversial figure in the higher-education field by challenging many of the widely accepted educational theories (â€Å"A. Kohn†). In this essay, Kohn questions whether or not the problem of gradeRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagestheory focuses attention on the human issues in organization ‘There is nothing so practical as a good theory’ How Roethlisberger developed a ‘practical’ organization theory Column 1: The core contributing social sciences Column 2: The techniques for analysis Column 3: The neo-modernist perspective Column 4: Contributions to business and management Four combinations of science, scientific technique and the neo-modernist approach reach different parts o f the organization Level 1: Developing the organizationRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageslamentable. Taken together, the key themes and processes that have been selected as the focus for each of the eight essays provide a way to conceptualize the twentieth century as a coherent unit for teaching, as well as for written narrative and analysis. Though they do not exhaust the crucial strands of historical development that tie the century together—one could add, for example, nationalism and decolonization—they cover in depth the defining phenomena of that epoch, which, as the essays demonstrateRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesLine 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 Attitudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases Involving Self-Awareness 84 Communist Prison Camp 84 Computerized Exam 85 Decision Dilemmas 86 SKILL PRACTICE 89 Exercises for Improving Self-Awareness Through Self-Disclosure 89 Through the Looking Glass 89 Diagnosing Managerial Characteristics

The Swerve Vs. World Civilizations And Ideas - 1566 Words

Sessy Hernandez HIST 1113 Gomez April 25, 2016 The Swerve vs. World Civilizations and ideas Stephen Greenblatt introduces several different themes through out his writing in The Swerve. Making it helpful in understanding the ancient worlds civilizations. While Greenblatt narrates the events of Poggio Bracciolini the themes of social hierarchies, nature/culture, and gender are brought up to various times through out the story. These themes reveal parallels and similarities with the ancient world. This essay argues the similarities and differences in which the swerve and ancient civilizations might have with one another. Author Stephan Greenblatt tells a story about a book hunter named Poggio Bracciolini. In this story Poggio saves the last copy of the works of a very famous poet named Lucretius on the nature of things. Lucretius ideas helped explain renaissance. People no longer chose to believe in super natural explanations, but instead chose to believe in atoms and how the world consists of matter. Through out the book Greenblatt introduces important new ideas to the table and how those ideas influenced modern age. The ideas are brought up and compare to themes in great ways. Greenblatt included many themes that could be analyzed and compared with the ancient world civilizations and their traditions along with their way of life. The theme of social hierarchy in the swerve was present, putting Poggio at the point of curiosity when he was left without a master, bringingShow MoreRelatedEssay on Like water for chocolate6961 Words   |  28 Pagesmodern world with authentic descriptions of humans and society. According to Angel Flores, magical realism involves the fusion of the real and the fantastic, or as he claims, â€Å"an amalgamation of realism and fantasy.† The presence of the supernatural in magical realism is often connected to the primeval or â€Å"magicali Indian mentality†, which exists in conjunction with European rationality. According to Ray Verzasconi, as well as other critics, magical realism is â€Å"an expression of the New World realityRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages.............................................................................. 299 CHAPTER 10 Deductive Reasoning .......................................................................................... 312 x Implying with Certainty vs. with Probability ................................................................................ 312 Distinguishing Deduction from Induction ..................................................................................... 319 Review of Major

Effective Retail Signage free essay sample

Effective Retail Signage In this day and age of modern computers, ink jet printers and desktop publishing programs, I am still amazed to see store owners that put little effort in to producing quality signage for their stores. Signage is one of the most important ways to convey your message to your customers. Your store name, promotions, pricing, and product information may all be conveyed through signage. Are you getting these messages across effectively? As a customer walks by your store, you have about 3 seconds to let them know what they will find inside. What message are you sending? Place it where it will catch your customers attention, but will not block essential elements of your store. Think about how customers approach your store. If customers walk by your store, but your store name is only placed high up on your store front, facing the street, how will they see it? You also need to repeat the name on the door or window, and perhaps hanging from an awning or on a sandwich board on the sidewalk. We will write a custom essay sample on Effective Retail Signage or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Make sure signs dont block traffic flow, displays, or the view of the interior of your store. Window signage may not be visible to customers for other reasons that you do not realize. Is there a parking meter blocking the view of your window? What about a loading zone where delivery trucks park for a large part of the day, obscuring part of your store from view? Check for reflections on the window that make your interior signage invisible during the day. Youll need to check this at various times of the day to find out what happens to the light and reflections depending on the position of the sun. You can improve the visibility of your signage by improving the display lighting inside, and by using light colors in your windows. Light colored signage will stand out, while dark colors will recede and virtually disappear behind reflections on the glass. After placing your signs, double check how they look from a customers point of view. Step back and approach the store as a visitor. Walk from front to back and look at all your signage critically and reposition as necessary. The simpler you keep your signage the better. Reduce visual clutter, and focus on getting your most important message across to your customer. You will attract more walk-by traffic, and avoid confusing your customer. Your sales should increase as a result.

Volkswagen of America Managing IT Partners Essay Example For Students

Volkswagen of America: Managing IT Partners Essay Introduction: Volkswagen of America ( VWoA ) . made up of 10 concern units. embarked upon the disputing undertaking of reforming the procedure of prioritizing and choosing IT undertakings for the approaching twelvemonth. The concern units were concerned about the rise in IT disbursals and the problem with agenda and cost overproductions. The run of IT undertakings funding demands totaled $ 210 million for the twelvemonth 2004. VWAG ( parent company of VWoA ) had approved a budget of merely $ 60 million. doing the undertaking even more hard. Dr. Uwe Matulovic. main information officer ( CIO ) of VWoA. found himself in the center of the contention. He needed to lenify the dissatisfied members of ELT squad but at the same clip had to guarantee that he did non change by reversal the reformation underway. We will write a custom essay on Volkswagen of America: Managing IT Partners specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The New Procedure: The new IT precedence direction procedure was driven by the new IT budget restraint given to VWoA ( VW of America ) by the parent company ( VWAG ) . The procedure involved chiefly four squads formed by several organisational entities. The four squads chiefly involved in the procedure were: ELT ( Executive Leadership Team ) . ITSC ( IT Steering Committee ) . PMO ( Project Management Office ) and DBC ( Digital Business Council ) . The ELT was responsible for put to deathing NRG ( Following Round of Growth ) scheme which includes IT administration. The ITSC consisted of concern and IT directors and was responsible for steering and O.K.ing the procedure of IT undertaking choice and prioritization. The PMO administered the undertaking proposal and blessing procedure. The DBC was responsible for the filtering procedure. which decided which undertakings aligned with the company concern scheme the most. IT at VW was neer considered a strategic advantage. which led to IT budget stagnating at subsistence degree. On the contrary gross revenues A ; marketing countries were given comparatively more importance while budget allotment procedure. VWoA’s IT blessing procedure. which requires four different squads before a undertaking can be approved. makes the IT undertaking support complex and inefficient. The multiple beds of determination doing with ill-defined functions and duties. adds to the confusion. The overly complicated organisational scheme does non aline with the IT scheme to better IT undertaking prioritization. While each of these groups does hold the end ranking standards to work with. it is expected that each group has their ain sentiment on precisely which undertaking fits into Customer Loyalty. New Vehicle Value. Stable Business Infrastructure. Pre-Owned Vehicle Business and Optimize the Supply Flow. In other words. the squads may make up ones mind that an IT undertaking fits in the client trueness class. but does that intend the undertaking itself is more of import than another undertaking that fits into new vehicle value? Possibly. possibly non. The Digital Business Council has an of import yet a ha rd function. to do a concluding list of undertakings for which support would be requested. They besides categorize undertakings. measure the concern impact. discern alliance with ends. and do trade-off decisions-a tall order for the DBC which places a batch of power over other entities in their custodies. Then there is still the maneuvering commission followed by the BPTO. The positive facet of the cross-functional determination devising procedure. in malice of the confusion. is that the concern unit directors are now forced to work together to do determinations. that affect their sections. to aline the overall company scheme. The new procedure does supply an betterment over the former procedure of decentralized and less organized determination devising. The full procedure. with all its defects. does look to let for in-depth treatments among squads and helps supply a comprehensive position of IT initiatives to the executive squad. The classification of investing types ( stay in concern. return on investing. option-creating investing ) and classification of technological application ( base-enterprise IT platform. endeavor applications. customized points solutions ) are intelligent ways to sort each IT proposal and makes an honorable effort to aline IT scheme with the overall concern and organisational scheme of the company. However. multiple beds do supply chance to each entity to pick their favourites. In fact during Phase 3. it seemed that Matulovic was anticipating concern executives. who knew that several undertakings did non hold sufficient endeavor value to do the support cut. to take to admit that undertakings from other countries might be more of import to accomplishing endeavor ends. Alternatively. they chose to dispute the virtue of the new methodological analysis for choosing and prioritising undertakings. This evidently indicates that people merely were non happy with the procedure and that they wer e willing to dispute the importance of other undertakings to guarantee that theirs could still hold a opportunity. The phone calls to Matulovic expressed defeat over â€Å"categorization errors that penalized their concern units. † Although it is non clear from the instance. it appears that the new procedure is to fault for improperly categorising undertakings. Additionally. the instance specifically references that some thought that IT substructure undertakings â€Å"had been treated individually. and non forced through the same procedure. which many considered unjust. † It is non surprising that anyone would happen this unjust since all IT undertakings are coming from the same budget. Finally. some directors â€Å"assumed that. as in past old ages. they would at a minimal addition blessing for their most extremely prioritized undertakings. † .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56 , .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56 .postImageUrl , .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56 , .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56:hover , .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56:visited , .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56:active { border:0!important; } .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56:active , .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56 .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue3277ee47bf9548f8fdbb2d8dc385d56:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Haunting Of Hill House EssayThis has to be improbably thwarting for a director who can non hold support for even his most of import undertaking any longer. It appears that the new procedure for pull offing IT undertaking priorities is thwarting to those involved and has put Uwe Matulovic in a hard place. He is in the awkward place of holding to perchance do alterations to the IT undertakings that were approved based on who can be the most persuasive on why their undertaking needs money. This is sabotaging the unity of the new procedure and it means that Volkswagen spent batch of resources to prioritise the undertakings but several of the ELT members are still dissatisf ied. The worst portion may be that cipher whom Matulovic spoke to has conceded that his undertaking is any less of import than the 1s which were approved. Ever since 1992. Volkswagen has systematically tried to minimise IT costs every bit much as possible. even maintaining IT costs â€Å"at subsistence levels† so money could be put to other utilizations. Although Volkswagen was true in survival manner for a piece. they should be cognizant that there needs to be important investing in IT to aline IT with the remainder of the concern units. instead than allow IT play catch up with a little budget. Of the $ 60 million. merely about 25 per centum ( $ 14 million ) is available for the highest precedence concern unit undertakings. Whether ELT members forgot about keep backing investing in the past ( or were non about ) . they should cognize at this point that they can non allow IT fall behind any longer. Volkswagen has placed its North American IT ( and Matulovic ) in a hard place when m ake up ones minding on which IT undertakings need support. The instance is non really specific on which IT undertakings affect Volkswagen globally ; nevertheless. at least the supply flow undertaking seemed really of import to Volkswagen ( globally ) and it was left partly funded. There does non look to be any clear reply on whether Volkswagen’s IT undertakings can be funded outside of VWoA if the undertaking needs planetary support. All that we can garner from the instance is that Volkswagen will non demo a green visible radiation to a VWoA undertaking if it does non suit within that budget even if the undertaking has planetary deductions for the company’s overall success. This will decidedly take to defeat for those necessitating the aid of a undertaking that helps Volkswagen outside of North America. It besides begs the inquiry why Volkswagen does non hold the foresight to O.K. a undertaking that is of import to the company’s overall success. The text edition suggests that â€Å"Monetary costs and benefits are of import but non the lone considerations in doing IT investings. Soft benefits. such as the ability to do future determinations. are frequently portion of the concern instance for IT investings. doing it hard to mensurate the payback of the investing. † The instance is non explicitly clear on what soft benefits were considered ; nevertheless. it seems that the focal point at Volkswagen was to do IT make the most with the least ( mentioning to the really limited budget that was provided to VWoA ) . In other words. Volkswagen appears to be looking for the best knock for their vaulting horse and does non look willing to see benefits outside of the bottom line. Budgeting for IT undertakings: The budget for IT undertakings was controlled through the new procedure which involved several organisational entities that established precedences. The IT Steering Committee or ITSC approved IT undertaking choice and prioritization. Matulovic controlled $ 16 million set aside for ‘stay in business’ IT initiatives. He besides had the capableness to do particular exclusions affecting undertaking blessings. to happen extra support. and to deviate support to some other undertakings. Whether IT should hold its ain budget is a good inquiry ; nevertheless. whether that budget should be based on VWoA or whether it should be globally-based is a more of import inquiry. We have already seen the effects of the procedure on the supply flow undertaking. Obviously that undertaking would hold had more fiscal support if it were funded through a globally-based budget for IT. That would still perchance go forth Volkswagen with issues since IT undertakings with planetary significance could have more attending than local IT undertakings. Possibly Volkswagen should get down believing about including IT undertakings in budgets of other divisions within the company so that concern scheme. organisational scheme. and information scheme are in better alliance. We recommend that Volkswagen should hold a separate IT budget for VWoA and have a separate budget to fund IT undertakings that impact Volkswagen globally. If those outside of VWoA are depending on a undertaking ( that can merely be funded by VWoA ) . they are puting themselves up for letdown because the VWoA budget can merely travel so far. If a undertaking leader knows that a undertaking is of import for Volkswagen globally. that leader should cognize that VWoA might non be the best begin ning for seeking financess. If financess are merely non available outside of VWoA. so there is an issue here because undertakings with planetary significance should be able to be funded globally. The text edition suggests that â€Å"IT scheme is concern scheme ; one can non be created independent of the other. † It follows so. that in making a procedure for make up ones minding IT support precedence. the overall concern scheme must be kept in head along with the IT plans. In other words. sorting a undertaking as â€Å"an IT project† could be shortsighted if the undertaking is limited by an IT budget but could be really good to the overall concern scheme. The better option would be to let IT undertakings to potentially flux exterior of support petitions when IT scheme and concern scheme are both considered. .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe , .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe .postImageUrl , .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe , .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe:hover , .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe:visited , .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe:active { border:0!important; } .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe:active , .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u68919c8482ac012c6f74861239c0d2fe:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Alcohol Abuse EssaySupply Flow Project and Requests for Particular Treatment: There is no easy reply for Matulovic on how to react to his fellow executives who are inquiring for particular intervention. It is unfortunate that the ELT squad let things acquire to this point. Matulovic heard from the ELT members that â€Å"supposed classification mistakes† had penalized their concern units. We propose Matulovic to accept the feedback from the organisation on the full procedure. in signifier of either ailments or suggestions. Although. it is excessively late to alter the procedure for the current twelvemonth. people’s concerns and suggestions to better can be addressed by updating the procedure in future old ages. This is particularly important as the support for the procedure is decreasing. Several people across the sections are upset for non procuring funding for their undertakings and are likely to defy the procedure during following twelvemonth. Leting people voice their defeat will alleviate the employees of the negativeness and will assist ever yone travel frontward. At this point. Matulovic should lodge to the determinations made and follow the consequences of the blessing procedure. It would be a wonderfully bad thought to flex the regulations to O.K. a undertaking that was already denied support. He would non merely alienate those that made a last ditch attempt for the other undertakings. but he might non pick the â€Å"right† undertaking to have support and would sabotage the unity of the blessing procedure. Furthermore. if Matulovic backtracks now. it would merely decrease the importance of the procedure and thereby consume employees back up in the hereafter. Besides. it will direct out a incorrect signal to the organisation that the determinations of the procedure are capable to use by the screaky wheels. Matulovic must repeat the importance of the procedure and do it clear that the determinations of the commission are concluding and adhering upon all. Matulovic should convey the issue of supply flow undertaking to the attending of s enior direction as an illustration of uneffective undertaking prioritization and break of endeavor ends. The supply flow undertaking demonstrates that a business-critical undertaking can travel unfunded due to budget issues at the business-unit ( VWoA ) degree. The procedure does non turn to how to cover with a undertaking with planetary importance. The other option is for Matulovic to seek support from exterior of the IT budget ( i. e. . the budget of another division ) . Merely because the supply flow is an IT undertaking does non needfully intend that the undertaking should be shut down because there is no IT budget for it. If Volkswagen thinks the undertaking is truly of import so. they ( and Matulovic ) need to happen a manner to do it go on. Traveling forward: As we discuss the procedure of IT support at VW. it is imperative that we elicit the features of a good procedure for make up ones minding IT support precedences. IT undertakings are non merely limited to the IT section but they impact multiple map countries with a company. Hence. support determinations for IT undertakings should affect the stakeholders in all the sections and map countries within the company. Making so. all the departments’ demands and concerns can be addressed in the procedure. This facilitates high grade of transparence. VW should develop enterprise broad system utilizing predetermined ends and steps. The procedure should be led by the CIO with the support of the IT section. The decision-making procedure should affect treatment of cost-benefit analysis. feasibleness and continuance of each undertaking. IT undertakings should be evaluated and prioritized based on companywide ends like client trueness. new vehicle rollout value etc. Each undertaking must be justified i. e. ‘stay in business’ enterprise or ‘business’ inaugural to better operational efficiency or cut down costs. A list of IT undertaking petitions made by the cross-functional squad can be presented to upper-management for IT funding prioritization. Undertakings can so be grouped under end oriented portfolios and the ends that tie in with the company’s end should be funded. The endeavor ends which consist of different undertakings should be ranked based on the specific end important to the endeavor. The upper-management squad including the CIO should prioritise the undertakings based on the costs involved. benefits derived and alignment with overall company scheme and ends. In instance of an ERP system the IT undertakings should be prioritized based on the phases of execution. The IT systems should be categorized in footings of cost. their executions and easiness of application. Such a system would supply a base cons isting of system that provides determination devising and dealing processing system on which farther more complicated systems like CRM and ERP can be built upon.